Name: Net Profit Margin

Definition: Net profit margin shows how much profit remains after paying all costs — including operating expenses, interest, and taxes — for every dollar of sales. A higher margin means the business is efficient and keeps more of its sales as bottom-line profit. Falling margins may signal rising costs or pricing pressure.

Interpretation:
• In '2020', CLEU's net profit margin was 24.1%, measuring the overall profitability of the company. Industry average for Other Consumer Services in '2020' stood at 24.1%.
• In '2021', CLEU's net profit margin was -32.0%, measuring the overall profitability of the company. The decline from '2020' may indicate some operational or financial challenges. Industry average for Other Consumer Services in '2021' stood at -13.0%. Industry average declined by 37.1% from previous year.
• In '2022', CLEU's net profit margin was -32.4%, measuring the overall profitability of the company. The decline from '2021' may indicate some operational or financial challenges. Industry average for Other Consumer Services in '2022' stood at -5.9%. Industry average increased by 7.1% compared to previous year.
• In '2023', CLEU's net profit margin was -171.8%, measuring the overall profitability of the company. The decline from '2022' may indicate some operational or financial challenges. Industry average for Other Consumer Services in '2023' stood at -17.4%. Industry average declined by 11.5% from previous year.
Overall, CLEU's net profit margin has been volatile but showed a downward trend over the past 4 years.

Formula: Net Profit Margin = Net Income / Revenue

Good Range: Ranges 5%-20% for many industries.