Name: Operating Profit Margin

Definition: Operating profit margin focuses on profits from the company’s core business — before interest payments and taxes. It reflects how well the business manages operating costs relative to sales. Strong operating margins show efficient day-to-day operations. Shrinking margins may reveal rising overhead, pricing weakness, or declining efficiency.

Interpretation:
• In '2021', NNNN's operating profit margin was 55.5%, highlighting profit earned from core business operations. Industry average for Biotechnology: In Vitro & In Vivo Diagnostic Substances in '2021' stood at -111.7%.
• In '2022', NNNN's operating profit margin was 43.3%, highlighting profit earned from core business operations. The decline from '2021' may indicate some operational or financial challenges. Industry average for Biotechnology: In Vitro & In Vivo Diagnostic Substances in '2022' stood at -82.7%. Industry average increased by 29.0% compared to previous year.
• In '2023', NNNN's operating profit margin was 29.2%, highlighting profit earned from core business operations. The decline from '2022' may indicate some operational or financial challenges. Industry average for Biotechnology: In Vitro & In Vivo Diagnostic Substances in '2023' stood at -20.0%. Industry average increased by 62.7% compared to previous year.
• In '2024', NNNN's operating profit margin was 24.4%, highlighting profit earned from core business operations. The decline from '2023' may indicate some operational or financial challenges. Industry average for Biotechnology: In Vitro & In Vivo Diagnostic Substances in '2024' stood at -96.5%. Industry average declined by 76.5% from previous year.
Overall, NNNN's operating profit margin has been volatile but showed a downward trend over the past 4 years.

Formula: Operating Profit Margin = Operating Income / Revenue

Good Range: Often 10%-30% depending on business model.